Page 12 - Forum-2020-JulyToSeptember

in an occurrence with a manned aircraft, tion of RPAS into the aviation system. To small, medium, and large RPAS.
the party responsible for the RPAS flight accomplish this, CAAC will develop poli- • Micro—RPAS with an unloaded
shall bear the primary responsibility; if cy, standards, regulations, and guidance weight 250 grams or less.
the occurence occured between RPASs, material reflecting an appropriate and • Light—RPAS with an unloaded
the party that operated in beyond visual proportionate approach to the relevant weight of more than 250 grams but
line of sight operations (BVLOS) shall levels of risk consistent with international fewer than four kilograms and seven
bear the primary responsibility or share best practices. kilograms MTOM.
responsibility. Integration of RPAS into the system of • Small—RPAS with an unloaded
The draft of China Civil Aviation Regu- aviation safety should provide enough weight of at least four kilograms but
lation Part 92 Safety Management Rules flexibility for innovation in the RPAS fewer than 15 kilograms or 25 kilo-
for RPAS (CCAR-92) will be issued after industry without adversely affecting grams MTOM.
the release of this Interim Regulation on other airspace users, the traveling public, • Medium—RPAS with an unloaded
Flight Management of RPAS. or posing unacceptable risks to people weight of more than 15 kilograms and
In June 2017, the Standardization or property on the ground. CAAC will MTOM of at least 25 kilograms but
Administration Committee (SAC), the continue to engage with the Internation- fewer than 150 kilograms.
Ministry of Industry and Information al Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
Technology, the Ministry of Science and other international aviation safety • Large—RPAS with MTOM of more
than 150 kilograms.
and Technology, the Ministry of Public agencies to address key policy issues,
Security, the Ministry of Agriculture and including the equitable access to air- Here, the classification of micro and
Rural Affairs, the General Administration space, privacy, national security, and the light RPAS refer to the practices of most
of Sport, the National Energy Administra- environment. It is a long-term process to countries in deregulating RPAS below
tion, and CAAC jointly issued Guidelines expand the flight activities of civil RPAS 250 grams. The concept of MTOM is
for Developing RPAS Standard System from isolated airspace to nonisolated mostly used for manned aircraft and is
Framework (2017–2018 edition) (the airspace and finally integrate the activ- an important indicator for airworthiness
Guidelines). The Guidelines establish a ities into the national airspace system. certification. Many countries have direct-
two-phase and three-step road map and The management of RPAS will refer to ly adopted this concept in RPAS. Howev-
define the requirements, framework, and the existing management system of civil er, as small and light RPAS do not have
implementation methods of the RPAS aviation and could be broadly divided airworthiness requirements, they may
standard system. The framework will be into flight standards, RPAS airworthiness not be able to provide the officially tested
completed in two phases. certification, market management, and maximum certificated takeoff mass. For
The first phase (2017–2018) establishes air traffic management. ease of management, it regards MTOM
a standard system for RPAS and focuses and unloaded mass as two important
on developing a number of key standards classification criteria for light, small, and
urgently needed by the market and sup- Classification of RPAS medium RPAS. Light and medium RPAS
porting regulatory requirements. In Interim Regulation on Flight Manage- should meet two conditions, and small
The second phase (2019–2020) will ment of RPAS (draft for comments) dated RPAS need only to meet one.
gradually push forward the develop- January 2018, according to flight safety According to the requirements of
ment of standards. By 2020, the standard risks, taking mass as the main index and Advisory Circular Interim Regulations for
system will be basically established and combining with RPAS performance such Specific Category of RPAS Operation (AC-
improved, including basic standards, as flight height, speed, radio transmission 92-2019-01, issued on Feb. 1, 2019) issued
management standards, technical stand- power, and airspace maintenance capa- by CAAC, RPAS operation management is
ards, and industry application standards, bility, RPAS are divided into micro, light, categorized as follows:
which will meet the application needs of
relevant industries. Advisory Circular Interim Regulations for Specific Category of RPAS Operation
Here, the basic standards include Category Unloaded Weight (kilograms) MTOM (kilograms)
terminology, classification, and identifi-
cation. Management standards include I 0<W≤1.5
research and development, manufactur-
ing, registration, operation, etc. Technical II 1.5<W≤4 1.5<W≤7
standards include system, subsystem, and III 4<W≤15 7<W≤25
component-level standards, and applica-
tion standards include different applica- IV 15<W≤116 25<W≤150
tion field standards. Basic standards are V RPAS for agriculture and forestry use
mainly national standards, management
standards, and technical standards; VI Unmanned airship
industry application standards are mainly
industry standards. VII RPAS in categories I and II operated BVLOS
CAAC’s policy is to implement an effec- XI 116<W≤5700 150<W≤5700
tive aviation safety regulatory framework
to enable the safe and efficient integra- XII W>5700
12 • July-September 2020 ISASI Forum